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| <!-- basic rules: don't rely on examples too much ---->
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| >general overview of "screamers"
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| A screamer, also known as a jumpscare or scary pop-up, is a type of game, video, website, or program that aims to scare and startle viewers by tricking them into focusing on the screen before revealing a sudden and often frightening change. Most screamers use a combination of creepy or unsettling images and loud, sudden noises to create a sense of shock and fear in the viewer. For example, a screamer might appear to be a harmless video or game, but then suddenly flash a disturbing image of a face or creature accompanied by a loud scream to achieve their intended effect. Unlike horror films and professional horror games, screamers are designed to surprise the viewer, and may even include graphic and disturbing images that shock and traumatize the viewer, making them a type of [[shock site]].
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| Screamers often rely on deception to work. They may use clever editing, false promises, or other tricks to convince viewers that they are watching something harmless or mundane. The most famous example of this is [[What's Wrong With This Picture?]], [[The Maze]] by [[Jeremy Winterrowd]] and more. This is often done to make the eventual jump scare more effective, as the viewer is caught off guard and taken by surprise. Despite their popularity and notoriety, screamers remain a controversial and divisive form of internet content.
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| ==Origins==
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| The first screamer to be aired on television in the 20th century was an anti-heroin campaign titled [[Monkey on Their Backs]], which features a wind-up monkey toy playing its cymbals while a young girl's voice discusses addiction to heroin. Suddenly, the monkey stops playing and the camera zooms in on its face, which abruptly changes to a still image of a real-life monkey screaming at the viewer, accompanied by a loud primate scream. The text "Why do you think they call it DOPE?" appears on screen. One of the earliest screamers in the 19th century was a program created by Patrick Evans, titled "[[NightMare|Nightmare]]" that, when executed, features a digital image of a skull facing right with its jaws open, covered in blood, and bearing a bullet wound.
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| ==In advertising==
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| Prior to the emergence of screamer videos, a number of public service announcements were broadcasted with the intention of shocking viewers with disturbing imagery in order to raise awareness about various issues. One early example is the Faroe Islands (WDC) PSA which depicted the slaughter of dolphins by islanders. In addition to public service announcements, screamers were also utilized as a means of advertising. Perhaps the most well-known example of advertising screamers is the controversial "Wide Awake" campaign launched in April 2005 by German beverage company K-fee. The campaign consisted of nine 20-second television commercials that portrayed peaceful scenes which were abruptly interrupted by the appearance of a zombie or a gargoyle screaming at the camera, followed by the company's slogan and product. The advertisements were criticized for being uncommercial and upsetting, with many viewers complaining to K-fee, which subsequently took the commercials off air. Although it is rumored that a warning message was displayed before the advertisement played, this has not been proven. The K-Fee Car commercial was featured on several TV shows, including The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, K-Fee's official website, Tarrant on TV, and [[America's Funniest Home Videos]]. In 2021, a one-hour documentary video featuring the actors from the commercials was uploaded to YouTube by Rhys Lapsley.
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| The advertising campaign for the 2018 horror film "The Nun" utilized an unskippable YouTube ad that violated the platform's "shocking content policy."<ref><nowiki>https://deadline.com/2018/08/the-nun-youtube-ad-removed-1202445509/</nowiki></ref> The ad featured an iOS device volume icon and then suddenly transitioned to the titular character with a loud scream. A Twitter post featuring a clip of the ad went viral, garnering over 145,000 likes and 132,000 retweets, as well as numerous complaints to YouTube. The platform subsequently removed the ad.
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| ==Internet screamers==
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| ==In popular culture==
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| ==Reaction videos==
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